Stroke is a major neurological condition that frequently results in persistent impairments in balance, postural control, gait, and functional mobility. These problems can affect everyday activities, reduce independence, and increase the likelihood of falls. Rehabilitation therefore needs to address not only the ability to walk but also the underlying postural and balance problems that support safe functional movement. This analytical review examines the role of physiotherapy in the rehabilitation of balance and gait following stroke, with particular attention to postural control and functional mobility. The review considers commonly used approaches such as balance exercises, task-specific gait training, strengthening and functional exercises, treadmill training, proprioceptive training, dual-task activities, and selected technology-assisted interventions. It also discusses commonly used clinical measures, including the Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, 10-Meter Walk Test, 6-Minute Walk Test, and Functional Ambulation Category, for evaluating changes in balance, walking ability, and mobility. The reviewed evidence suggests that rehabilitation is more meaningful when exercises are progressive, repetitive, function-oriented, and adapted to the individual needs of the stroke survivor. Improvements in postural stability and walking performance can contribute to better functional mobility and greater independence. However, rehabilitation outcomes may differ according to the severity and stage of stroke, associated impairments, treatment intensity, and individual patient characteristics. Overall, an integrated physiotherapy approach that combines balance, postural control, and gait training appears important for improving functional mobility after stroke. Further research is needed to establish effective long-term rehabilitation strategies that translate clinical improvements into safer and more independent mobility in daily and community settings.